As public opposition towards animal testing has grown, animal use has been broadly prohibited where alternative methods are “reasonably and practicably available” (e.g., EU Directive 86/609 and legislation in the U.S. states of California [PDF], New Jersey [PDF] and New York [PDF]).

Animal testing bans may also be sector-specific, as in the case of the 7th Amendment to the EU Cosmetics Directive [PDF], which broadly prohibits the testing of cosmetics or their raw ingredients on animals in the EU, and with few exceptions, also bans the sale of cosmetics that have been tested on animals.